·
Anxiety––↑i NE, ↓d GABA,
↓d serotonin (5-HT).
1) ABREACTION---used in
Rx of phobia,-----------((1))
2) "AFFECT---disorders of affect , disturbances of affect--panic , apathy , phobia,"---------((1))
3) "AFFECTIVE DISORDERS---depression ,reaction form'n ,adjustment reaction ,"-------((1))
4) "AGGRESSION ---PASSIVE AGG.--spills half,"-------((1))
5) "AGORAPHOBIA---fear of open spaces , DOC.--alprazolam,"-------((1))
6) "ALEXITHYMIA---inability to recognize & describe feelings,"--------((1))
7) "AMBIVALENCE---coined by EUGEN BLEULER,"---------(1))
8) "AMNESIA---anterograde amnesia--caused by giving ECT.,good prognostic indicator of head injury.,"---------((1))
9) "AMOTIVATIONAL SYNDROME---seen in cannabis,"------((1))
10) "AMOXAPINE---antidepressant with side effects like -tardive dyskinesia & neuroleptic malignant synd.,"-------((1))
11) AMPHETAMINES--- ,-----((1))
12) "ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER---seen with phenobarbitone ,"--------((1))
13) "AUTISTIC DISORDER---lesion is in Temporal lobe ,"-------((1))
14) "BALLISMUS---Rx haloperidol ,"-------((1))
15) "CHLORPROMAZINE---?rigidity,mask like face,tremors,(uses/side effects),"------(1))
16) "CLAUSTROPHBIA---fear of CLOSED spaces ,"-------((1))
17) "COGNITVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY---is the Rx for Depression ,"-------((1))
18) "COPROLALIA---seen in TOURETTE'S SYND.,"-------((1))
19) CYCLOSERINE---anti -TB.-shows NeuroPsychiatric manifestation,--------((1))
20) "DÉJÀ VU---seen in normal persion ,temporal lobe epilepsy,psychosis,"--------((1))
21) DISORIENTATION---seen in Organic brain synd.,------------((1))
22) Diethyl Propion---1st. Choice in wt. reduction prog.,---------((1))
23) "DRUG DEPENDENCE---is due to withdrawal symptoms ,"---------((1))
24) "EXHIBITIONISM---shameless exposure of genitals ,"-------((1))
25) "FETISHISM---obtaining Sexual excitement with inanimate objects , "--------((1))
26) FREE ASSOCIATION---coined by FREUD.,------((1))
27) "GANSER'S SYND.---inappropriate answer...... , "--------------((1))
28) HASHISH---active substance—TetraHydroCannabinol,----------((1))
29) "HEROIN---withdrawal fes.--Yawing, muscle cramps, Hypersomnia, HTN.,"---------((1))
30) "HICCOUGH---Intractable--DOC-chlorpromazine/Largactil , "--------((1))
31) ILLUSIONS---,------((1))
32) "IMIPRAMINE---antidepressant ,DOC--in nocturnal enuresis , "--------((1))
33) INSOMNIA---Familial Fatal Insomnia--seen in PRION disease,-------((1))
34) KLEPTOMANIA---Irresistible ure to STEAL things of LITTLE value,---------((1))
35) "La Belle Indifference---seen in Dissociative disorders ,"--------((1))
36) LUCID INTERVAL---seen in INSANITY,------------((1))
37) least addictive---DihyroxyPropoxyphene,-----------((1))
38) MAOIS---induced hypertensive crisis-Rx-->reversed with Phentolamine,----------((1))
39) "MANDRAX---is combination of HYPNOTIC + ANTI-HISTAMINE,"----------((1))
40) "MASOCHISM---sexual partner are aroused & gratified by whipping ,"------------((1))
41) "MEMORY---RECENT--CENTRE--HIPPOCAMPUS ,"-------------((1))
42) "METHADONE---used in maintainance of Rx of opium dependence/ ?Withdrawal ,"-------------((1))
43) "MORPHINE---addiction , Withdrawal is done with Clonidine ,"---------------((1))
44) MYXEDEMA---ass. with depression ,-----------((1))
45) "MUNCHAUSEN SYND.---factitious disorder ,"---------((1))
46) "NARCOLEPSY---symp.--Cataplexy , Sleep acttacks, Sleep paralysis, "-----------((1))
47) "NIGHT TERRORS-seen in NREM sleep--TOC.-clonazepam,"-------------((1))
48) "NYMPHOMANIA---not a compulsive & habit forming disorder , "---------((1))
49) ORGANIC AMNESTIC SYND.---most common cause—Concussion,----------((1))
50) OTHELLO SYND.---Delusion of Infidelity on part of Sexual partner,-----------((1))
51) PARANOID DISORDER---Pseudocommunity,---------((1))
52) PERSONALITY DISORDERS---BORDERLINE-sucidal tendencies,--------((1))
53) PHENCYCLIDINE---ass. With DEPERSONALISATION,-----------((1))
54) "PICASSO SYND.---painter obsession developed into artistic painting, "--------((1))
55) PROJECTION---mature defense mech.,------------((1))
56) "PSYCHIATRIC MANIFESTATION---seen in Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Acute Intermittent Porphyria, Inability for Erection, Inability to take deep breath , Pain,"--------((1))
57) "PSYCHOTHERAPY---PSYCHOANALYTICAL---Insight therapy, Behavioral therapy & SUPPORTIVE therapy, "--------------((1))
58) PUNISHMENT---inflicting pain to get rid of a bad habit ,--------------((1))
59) "PUNCH DRUNKENNESS ---is ass. With BOXING.,"--------------((1))
60) BRIEF REACTIVE PSYCHOSIS---after loss of loved-one's,--------------((1))
61) REINFORCEMENT---+ve R.-? Conditioned learning,----------------((1))
62) "SLEEP DEPRIVATION---leads to decreased mental altertness,"----------((1))
63) SLEEP-WALKING-somnabulism--seen in NREM STAGE 3/4 Sleep,-------(1))
64) "STUPOR---DEPRESSIVE--loss of power in all 4 limbs, Waxy Flexibility of muscle tone in limbs,"-------------((1))
65) "SUPERSTITION---a False belief unexplained by reality ( Shared by a number of persons/people ) ,"---------((1))
66) SUPER-EGO---coined by Sigmund Freund,--------((1))
67) "TARDIVE DYSKINESIA---due to Reserpine,HALOPERIDOL,"--------((1))
68) "THINKING---ABSTRACT--similarity between chair & table->both has 4 legs,"-------((1))
69) "THIORIDAZINE---side-effect--Pigmentary Retinopathy,"--------((1))
70) "THERMATIC PERCEPTION TEST---by Wechslers , "---------((1))
71) WERNICKE'S ENCEPHALOPATHY----Rx-Thiamine supplement,---------((1))
72) EIGHT STAGE CLASSIFICATION OF HUMAN LIFE---BY ERIKSON ,-----------((1))
·
Depression––↓d NE and ↓d
serotonin (5-HT).
·
Alzheimer’s dementia––↓d ACh.
·
Huntington’s disease––↓d GABA,
↓d ACh.
·
Schizophrenia––↑i dopamine.
·
Parkinson’s disease––↓d dopamine.
·
Hallucinations are perceptions in the absence of external stimuli.
·
Illusions are misinterpretations of actual external stimuli.
·
Delusions are false beliefs not shared with other members of
culture/subculture that are firmly maintained in spite of obvious proof to the
contrary.
·
Loose associations are disorders in the form of thought (the way ideas are
tied together).
·
1° gain––what the symptom does for the
patient’s internal psychic economy.
·
2° gain––what the symptom gets the patient
(sympathy, attention).
·
3° gain––what the caretaker gets (like an
MD on an interesting case).
·
Selected
Important Court Cases
ii.
Karen Ann Quinlan: Substituted Judgment Standard
iii.
Brother Fox(Eichner vs Dillon):Best Interest Standard
iv.
Infant Doe: Foregoing Lifesaving Surgery,
Parents Withholding Treatment
v.
Roe vs Wade(1973):The Patient Decides
vi.
Tarasoff Decision: Duty to Warn and Duty to
Protect
·
Autoscopic
psychosis – Visual hallucination of a transparent phantom of one’s
own body
Lycanthopy
– Delusion that the person is a werewolf/other animal
·
Many antidepressants including SSRIs, TCAs & MAOIs suppress REM sleep
& can be useful in Tt of cataplexy.
·
In amphetamine abuse these two do not occur together
- Formication
(tactile hallucination) is seen in ® Chronic abuse.
- Paranoid ideation
(delusion of persecution) occurs in ® Acute intoxication.
On the other hand
both delusion of persecution and formication are seen together in chronic
cocaine abuse.
·
Dd
·
1)
"AKATHISIA---restlessness/irresitible
urge to move about & increased motor
activity,Rx-amantadine,benzhexol,propranolol,"----------((2))
2) "ALZHEMER'S DISORDER---Ach.-biochemical cause ,predisposing factors--down's synd.,head trauma,low edu.group,"---------((2))
3) "ANTIPSYCHOTICS---longacting -Fluphenazin,"----------((2))
4) "BEHAVIOUR---TYPE A---time urgency ,impatiency,hard driving ,career orientation,ambitiousness, COINED BY friedman & rosenman ,"---------((2))
5) "BEHAVIOR THERAPY---indicated for Phobia,cardinal elements--Systemic desensitization & Flooding,"----------((2))
6) "BUSPIRONE---anti-anxiolytic,newer NONSEDATIVE ,non hypnotic axiolytic,"---------(2)
7) "CLOZAPINE---assosiated with agranulocytosis , causes sialorrhyroea,"-----------(( 2))
8) "EEG---alpha waves--> awake & eyes closed ( stage I sleep) ( ATKD'S-MNEMONIC-B,,,,A1,T1K2,D34(NREM),,,B-REMS)"-----------((2))
9) "FEAR---due to abnormal experiences of childhood , over consciousness & excess perception of danger , least common in depressive psychosis ,"-----------((2))
10) "FLUOXETINE---mech. of action--inhibition of serotonin uptake , side-effect--Anxiety,loose stools,Nause is troublesome"-----------((2))
11) "GPI(GENERAL PARESIS OF INSANE) ---fes. Confabulation, Grandiose, Delusions, Mental deterioration, "-----------((2))
12) "HALLUCINOGENS---Cocaine, Mescaline, LSD, Phencyclidine, "----------((2))
13) "HALOPERIDOL----acute drug dystonia after> 1day, causes Akathesia , used in BALLISMUS aswell,"---------((2))
14) "HYPOCHONDRIASIS---Preoccupation with body diseases, Over conscious about some illness, "----------((2))
15) "IMPOTENCE---it is also seen in D.M., diff. Between psy.Impotence & Organic I.--is diagnosed by monitoring of Penile TUMESCENCE during sleep ,"-----------((2))
16) "INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT---I.Q.= (mental age X 100)/ chronological age (%), I.Q. Test = Binet Stanfort Test"------------((2))
17) "NEUROLEPTICS---blood levels checked for toxicity , commonest side-effect--Sedation , "---------((2))
18) "OEDIPUS COMPLEX---coined by sigmund Freud, seen in boys 3-5yrs of age,"------------((2))
19) "PHENOTHIAZINEs---involuntary perioral movement , used in Rx of depression , tardive dyskinesia is the side-effect,"------------((2))
20) POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER---most common after major life threatening event/ e.g. any CAR accident,rape,earthquake,.. etc.-----------((2))
21) "PREMATURE EJACULATION --- Rx-SQUEEZE Technique, "------------((2))
22) "PSYCHONEUROSIS---diagnosis by VERBAL ACCOUNTS.,"------------((2))
23) "PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS---e.g.--HTN,Peptic Ulcer disease, Bronchial Asthama, Hyperventilation"------------((2))
24) "THOUGHT---DISORDERS--loosening of Association, THOUGHT INSERTION---this is SCHEIDNER'S FIRST RANK SYMP."--------------((2))
25) "WITHDRAWAL SYMP.---PHYSICAL--absent-in Cannabis, Present in Pethidine,Opium,Haloperidol,Alcohol, Rx required in for withdrawal symp.--Cannabis, Cocaine,Alcohol,"------------((2))
2) "ALZHEMER'S DISORDER---Ach.-biochemical cause ,predisposing factors--down's synd.,head trauma,low edu.group,"---------((2))
3) "ANTIPSYCHOTICS---longacting -Fluphenazin,"----------((2))
4) "BEHAVIOUR---TYPE A---time urgency ,impatiency,hard driving ,career orientation,ambitiousness, COINED BY friedman & rosenman ,"---------((2))
5) "BEHAVIOR THERAPY---indicated for Phobia,cardinal elements--Systemic desensitization & Flooding,"----------((2))
6) "BUSPIRONE---anti-anxiolytic,newer NONSEDATIVE ,non hypnotic axiolytic,"---------(2)
7) "CLOZAPINE---assosiated with agranulocytosis , causes sialorrhyroea,"-----------(( 2))
8) "EEG---alpha waves--> awake & eyes closed ( stage I sleep) ( ATKD'S-MNEMONIC-B,,,,A1,T1K2,D34(NREM),,,B-REMS)"-----------((2))
9) "FEAR---due to abnormal experiences of childhood , over consciousness & excess perception of danger , least common in depressive psychosis ,"-----------((2))
10) "FLUOXETINE---mech. of action--inhibition of serotonin uptake , side-effect--Anxiety,loose stools,Nause is troublesome"-----------((2))
11) "GPI(GENERAL PARESIS OF INSANE) ---fes. Confabulation, Grandiose, Delusions, Mental deterioration, "-----------((2))
12) "HALLUCINOGENS---Cocaine, Mescaline, LSD, Phencyclidine, "----------((2))
13) "HALOPERIDOL----acute drug dystonia after> 1day, causes Akathesia , used in BALLISMUS aswell,"---------((2))
14) "HYPOCHONDRIASIS---Preoccupation with body diseases, Over conscious about some illness, "----------((2))
15) "IMPOTENCE---it is also seen in D.M., diff. Between psy.Impotence & Organic I.--is diagnosed by monitoring of Penile TUMESCENCE during sleep ,"-----------((2))
16) "INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT---I.Q.= (mental age X 100)/ chronological age (%), I.Q. Test = Binet Stanfort Test"------------((2))
17) "NEUROLEPTICS---blood levels checked for toxicity , commonest side-effect--Sedation , "---------((2))
18) "OEDIPUS COMPLEX---coined by sigmund Freud, seen in boys 3-5yrs of age,"------------((2))
19) "PHENOTHIAZINEs---involuntary perioral movement , used in Rx of depression , tardive dyskinesia is the side-effect,"------------((2))
20) POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER---most common after major life threatening event/ e.g. any CAR accident,rape,earthquake,.. etc.-----------((2))
21) "PREMATURE EJACULATION --- Rx-SQUEEZE Technique, "------------((2))
22) "PSYCHONEUROSIS---diagnosis by VERBAL ACCOUNTS.,"------------((2))
23) "PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS---e.g.--HTN,Peptic Ulcer disease, Bronchial Asthama, Hyperventilation"------------((2))
24) "THOUGHT---DISORDERS--loosening of Association, THOUGHT INSERTION---this is SCHEIDNER'S FIRST RANK SYMP."--------------((2))
25) "WITHDRAWAL SYMP.---PHYSICAL--absent-in Cannabis, Present in Pethidine,Opium,Haloperidol,Alcohol, Rx required in for withdrawal symp.--Cannabis, Cocaine,Alcohol,"------------((2))
2) "AFFECT---disorders of affect , disturbances of affect--panic , apathy , phobia,"---------((1))
3) "AFFECTIVE DISORDERS---depression ,reaction form'n ,adjustment reaction ,"-------((1))
4) "AGGRESSION ---PASSIVE AGG.--spills half,"-------((1))
5) "AGORAPHOBIA---fear of open spaces , DOC.--alprazolam,"-------((1))
6) "ALEXITHYMIA---inability to recognize & describe feelings,"--------((1))
7) "AMBIVALENCE---coined by EUGEN BLEULER,"---------(1))
8) "AMNESIA---anterograde amnesia--caused by giving ECT.,good prognostic indicator of head injury.,"---------((1))
9) "AMOTIVATIONAL SYNDROME---seen in cannabis,"------((1))
10) "AMOXAPINE---antidepressant with side effects like -tardive dyskinesia & neuroleptic malignant synd.,"-------((1))
11) AMPHETAMINES--- ,-----((1))
12) "ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER---seen with phenobarbitone ,"--------((1))
13) "AUTISTIC DISORDER---lesion is in Temporal lobe ,"-------((1))
14) "BALLISMUS---Rx haloperidol ,"-------((1))
15) "CHLORPROMAZINE---?rigidity,mask like face,tremors,(uses/side effects),"------(1))
16) "CLAUSTROPHBIA---fear of CLOSED spaces ,"-------((1))
17) "COGNITVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY---is the Rx for Depression ,"-------((1))
18) "COPROLALIA---seen in TOURETTE'S SYND.,"-------((1))
19) CYCLOSERINE---anti -TB.-shows NeuroPsychiatric manifestation,--------((1))
20) "DÉJÀ VU---seen in normal persion ,temporal lobe epilepsy,psychosis,"--------((1))
21) DISORIENTATION---seen in Organic brain synd.,------------((1))
22) Diethyl Propion---1st. Choice in wt. reduction prog.,---------((1))
23) "DRUG DEPENDENCE---is due to withdrawal symptoms ,"---------((1))
24) "EXHIBITIONISM---shameless exposure of genitals ,"-------((1))
25) "FETISHISM---obtaining Sexual excitement with inanimate objects , "--------((1))
26) FREE ASSOCIATION---coined by FREUD.,------((1))
27) "GANSER'S SYND.---inappropriate answer...... , "--------------((1))
28) HASHISH---active substance—TetraHydroCannabinol,----------((1))
29) "HEROIN---withdrawal fes.--Yawing, muscle cramps, Hypersomnia, HTN.,"---------((1))
30) "HICCOUGH---Intractable--DOC-chlorpromazine/Largactil , "--------((1))
31) ILLUSIONS---,------((1))
32) "IMIPRAMINE---antidepressant ,DOC--in nocturnal enuresis , "--------((1))
33) INSOMNIA---Familial Fatal Insomnia--seen in PRION disease,-------((1))
34) KLEPTOMANIA---Irresistible ure to STEAL things of LITTLE value,---------((1))
35) "La Belle Indifference---seen in Dissociative disorders ,"--------((1))
36) LUCID INTERVAL---seen in INSANITY,------------((1))
37) least addictive---DihyroxyPropoxyphene,-----------((1))
38) MAOIS---induced hypertensive crisis-Rx-->reversed with Phentolamine,----------((1))
39) "MANDRAX---is combination of HYPNOTIC + ANTI-HISTAMINE,"----------((1))
40) "MASOCHISM---sexual partner are aroused & gratified by whipping ,"------------((1))
41) "MEMORY---RECENT--CENTRE--HIPPOCAMPUS ,"-------------((1))
42) "METHADONE---used in maintainance of Rx of opium dependence/ ?Withdrawal ,"-------------((1))
43) "MORPHINE---addiction , Withdrawal is done with Clonidine ,"---------------((1))
44) MYXEDEMA---ass. with depression ,-----------((1))
45) "MUNCHAUSEN SYND.---factitious disorder ,"---------((1))
46) "NARCOLEPSY---symp.--Cataplexy , Sleep acttacks, Sleep paralysis, "-----------((1))
47) "NIGHT TERRORS-seen in NREM sleep--TOC.-clonazepam,"-------------((1))
48) "NYMPHOMANIA---not a compulsive & habit forming disorder , "---------((1))
49) ORGANIC AMNESTIC SYND.---most common cause—Concussion,----------((1))
50) OTHELLO SYND.---Delusion of Infidelity on part of Sexual partner,-----------((1))
51) PARANOID DISORDER---Pseudocommunity,---------((1))
52) PERSONALITY DISORDERS---BORDERLINE-sucidal tendencies,--------((1))
53) PHENCYCLIDINE---ass. With DEPERSONALISATION,-----------((1))
54) "PICASSO SYND.---painter obsession developed into artistic painting, "--------((1))
55) PROJECTION---mature defense mech.,------------((1))
56) "PSYCHIATRIC MANIFESTATION---seen in Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Acute Intermittent Porphyria, Inability for Erection, Inability to take deep breath , Pain,"--------((1))
57) "PSYCHOTHERAPY---PSYCHOANALYTICAL---Insight therapy, Behavioral therapy & SUPPORTIVE therapy, "--------------((1))
58) PUNISHMENT---inflicting pain to get rid of a bad habit ,--------------((1))
59) "PUNCH DRUNKENNESS ---is ass. With BOXING.,"--------------((1))
60) BRIEF REACTIVE PSYCHOSIS---after loss of loved-one's,--------------((1))
61) REINFORCEMENT---+ve R.-? Conditioned learning,----------------((1))
62) "SLEEP DEPRIVATION---leads to decreased mental altertness,"----------((1))
63) SLEEP-WALKING-somnabulism--seen in NREM STAGE 3/4 Sleep,-------(1))
64) "STUPOR---DEPRESSIVE--loss of power in all 4 limbs, Waxy Flexibility of muscle tone in limbs,"-------------((1))
65) "SUPERSTITION---a False belief unexplained by reality ( Shared by a number of persons/people ) ,"---------((1))
66) SUPER-EGO---coined by Sigmund Freund,--------((1))
67) "TARDIVE DYSKINESIA---due to Reserpine,HALOPERIDOL,"--------((1))
68) "THINKING---ABSTRACT--similarity between chair & table->both has 4 legs,"-------((1))
69) "THIORIDAZINE---side-effect--Pigmentary Retinopathy,"--------((1))
70) "THERMATIC PERCEPTION TEST---by Wechslers , "---------((1))
71) WERNICKE'S ENCEPHALOPATHY----Rx-Thiamine supplement,---------((1))
72) EIGHT STAGE CLASSIFICATION OF HUMAN LIFE---BY ERIKSON ,-----------((1))
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