Cellular Physiology

·         Cellular Transport 2 types:

1.       Simple Diffusion

2.       Carrier Mediated: Passive/Active(1^o/ 2^o)

·         During Action Potential, Sodium flux is SIMPLE DIFFUSION.

·         Adrenergic in Cardiac muscle: increases cAMP-> increases FOC

Smooth muscle opposite.

·         Remember that all the ions have voltage regulated channels

o   Except K⁺ è

§  1/2 are voltage regulated

§  1/2 are wide open – will allow ion movement outside the cell when at rest making the cell more negative

·         Ion-transporting ATPases are central to the economy of the cell. The F-type ATPases of mitochondria are the primary producers of ATP. The P- and V-type ATPases of plasma and organellar membranes are major consumers of ATP.

·         The action potential is propagated, rather than merely conducted; it is regenerated as it moves along the cell. In this way, an action potential remains the same size and shape as it is conducted.