Forensic Medicine

Monday, May 25, 2015

Orthopedics Facts from Previous Papers

·         Abnormalities of achondroplasia:

1. square iliac wings
2. champagne glass pelvic cavity
3. short, narrow sacrosciatic notch
4. posterior scalloping of vertebrae
5. small funnel shaped foramen magnum
6.Trident Hand

·         De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis: APL & EPB        ( BE PAL)

·         CTS
Phalen sign:Hyper flexion of the wrist for 60 seconds may elicit paresthesia in the median nerve distribution.
Tinel sign :Tapping the volar wrist over the median nerve may produce paresthesia in the median distribution of the hand.
Flick sign :Shaking or flicking one's hands for relief during maximal symptoms

·         Unlike the immediate swelling seen with tears of vascular structures such as the ACL, the relatively avascular meniscus (cartilage) causes more gradual swelling.

·         Inv not reqd in osteosarcomaBone marrow biopsy

·         Prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma is likely to be poor if site of tumor is – Urinary bladder
(Extremity was not given in the options)

·         Prognosis of Rhabdomyosarcoma
Botyroid (Best) > Embryonal > Pleomorphic > Alveolar
Diploid tumors have better prognosis than hyperdiploid tumors
Prognosis is related to site also (See Table in explanation 4 of this manual)

Other bad prognostic factors :
Alveolar histology
Children > 10 yrs
Tumor size > 5 cm

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